If there's one thing that can be a bit confusing to many Network+ certification exam candidates, it's the conception of ports and sockets. Well, it was confusing to me when I got started with computer certifications! Let's take a look at ports and sockets, and why we need them in the first place.
Past Network+ exam tutorials have focused on how two Pcs start communicating, but what we've got to keep in mind is that host Pcs may and probably will have any distinct kinds of communications going on at the same time. A singular Pc may be sending email, receiving a Telnet request, and accessing the Internet at the same time. These conversations have to kept separate.. But how?
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Through the use of ports, that's how. Each inherent type of conversation a host can have is preassigned a port number, and these port numbers allow distinct types of communications to take place over the same physical cable by holding them logically separated.
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Let's go back to that Pc we were talking about. If the Pc is using Smtp for email communications, it will use port 25. At the same time, the host will be using port 23 for Telnet and port 80 to entrance the web via Http. The same physical cable is in use, but the communications are kept logically isolate by use of port numbers.
A socket is simply the host's Ip address followed by a colon and the port estimate in use. If the previously mentioned host had an Ip address of 10.1.1.1, the socket estimate for Smtp would be 10.1.1.1:25, 10.1.1.1:23 for Telnet, and 10.1.1.1:80 for Http.
The range of port numbers is quite large - 0 straight through 65,535 - and the 0 - 1023 range is known as the customary port numbers. Don't worry, you don't have to memorize all of them! As you gain more and more taste with networks, you'll be surprised how many of these you remember without even mental about it. In the meantime, for both your Network+ and Ccna exams as well as working with real-world networks, it's a good idea to know this list of often-used ports.
File exchange Protocol uses both ports 20 and 21.
Telnet uses port 23.
Simple Mail exchange Protocol (Smtp) uses port 25.
Domain Name assistance (Dns) uses port 53.
HyperText exchange Protocol (Http) uses port 80, while the obtain version of Http, Https, uses port 443.
Believe me, this is just a very short beginning list of port numbers you'll need to know to pass the Network+ exam. If you're customary with these protocols, that's great - and if you're not, just look for upcoming Network+ exam tutorials!
Network+ Exam Tutorial: Ports, Port Numbers, and SocketsMy Links : Band Saws Woodworking Tools Clamps Hand Tools Knives Hand Tools
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